Improvement in telluriums



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JOHN DAVIS. OF ALLEGfI-INY CITY, PENNSYLVANIA.

Lette/rs Patent No. 83,474yda'ted October 27, 1868.

IMPRovnMEN'I' IN TELLURIUI-vrs.

T he Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent Vand making part of the same.

To all whom -tt ma/y conce/m:

Be it known thatV I, J cnn DAvIs, ot' the city and county of Allegheny, and State of,Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Astronomical Apparatus for Illustrating the Motion of the Earth and Moon around the Sun,v and the Rotation ofthe Sun on his Axis; VandI' do hereby declare that the following is'a full, clear, and exact descrip` tion thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon. V

The' nature of my invention consists in so construct- Ving an astronomical apparatus that it will illustrate the rotation of the vsun on his axis, the, revolving of the earth around the sun, the inclination of the earth on her axis, and the revolving of the pole -oi' the earth around the pole ofthe ecliptic, and also the revolving andthe elliptical motion'oi the moon around the earth, her crossing and recrossing the plane of the ecliptic, and the retrogrcssion oi' her nodes.

To enable others skilled in the art of constructing astronomical instruments and apparatus to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction, and operation.

In the accompanying drawings, which formpart of my specitication- 'the mechanism connected therewith; l

\ i upper end'of Figure 3 is a transverse section ofthe inclined disk.

In the drawings, A represents the frame of the apparatus, in which are the bearings of the shafts B, C, and D, on which are placed the wheels e, f, g, h, and it. To the frame A is permanently attached the wheel or disk by screwing its hub C' into the frame. An opening is made in the hub C' of the wheel or disk k, for the hollow shaftJ of the wheel h. .Y O n'the outer end of the shaftv J is secured a hollow arm, l,to the .outer end of which is secured a piece. marked u., the form oivwhich is clearly shown in iig..2. In the hollow arm, at o, and on the 4outer end of `the vpiece u, at l), are bearings for the shaft mf, on gear-wheel,

which, at the point marked fn, is placed 4'a Which-gears into the teeth or cogs on the Iixedwheel or disk It. On the outer part ofthe shaft on are placed wheels R t s, and an endlessscrew, ai.

*To the piece lu. aresecured three columns, fw, to the which is secured a diskv or recessed ring,

` 14, (see iig. 3,) to which is tted vthe bottom of the inclined disk B', and the disk or ring o,which are l held in4 the desired position on ,the recessed disk or i which also ring ,-14, byfrnea-ns oi three broad-headed screws t',

hold the recessed-disk orring 14 to its.

i 'place on the columns to.

To the .'diskfor ring o is attached fa stem, 18, to.

which is pivoted the arm 11, on the upper end of which is placed the moon m. The arm 11 is pro.

vided with ahook, y, which is hooked under the flange x2 ofthe inclined disk B', for the purpose of holding the arm 11 and its friction-wheel12 in proper position with relation to the flange x2 of disk B.

On the imder side of the recessed diskv or ring 14 is secured a step, marked 3, which is provided with a hollow column, marked 4, over which is placed a hollow shaft, 21, on the upper end of which is a disk, 6,

is placed and secured 'a shaft, f, on the upper end of which is-a crank, 7, to which is pivoted a disk, 8, to the arm 9 of which, at the point marked 10` is pivoted the earth E. -On thc lower end ofthe shaft f1, placed in the hollow column 4, is a wheel, 5, into which gears an endless screw, 1'5, on the outer end of which is a wheel, 13, which gears into teeth or cogs x on the under side of the inclined disk B. T he endless screw 15is held in position by means of suitable bearings o2 on the under side of the step 3.

' On the outer end of the piece u may be secured two Wheels, rv* and l, shown in red, the wheel a* being soA arranged as to gear into the endless screw a3, and the wheell to gear into teeth placed on the periphery o the inclined disk B. v

The endless screw x3, in connection with the wheels m4, l, and teeth 2, on the disk B', shown in red, (see fig. 1,) are representedfor the purpose of showing a very desirable method'for, givingtlie desired motion to the inclined disk B', for representing the retrogression ofthe moons nodes. V

The wheel It, on the shaft m, gears into the teeth vx on the under side of the disk B', and wheel t gears into the wheel x1, and the wheel s gears into the teeth 16 on thelunder side of the disk o. The sun s is placed on the outer end of the shaft B.

As the construction and arrangement of the several parts of my astronomical apparatus, and the relation that the several' parts bear to each other, will readily be seen and understood by the `skilful mechanic, by reference to the accompanying drawings, and by the foregoing description, I will therefore proceed to describe their operation, which is as'follows:

By turning the shaft. D, it will revolve the wheel e, whichwill revolve the .shaft C and wheels f and t'. The wheel f will revolvethe wheel g and shaft B, which will rotate vthesun s on his axis; and the' wheel ri will revolve the 'wheel h and shaft J, which will move the arm Z around over the disk or fixed Wheel k, which vwill cause the teeth on the diskor wheel k to revolve the wheel n and shaft m, which will revolve the wheels R, t, and s. The wheel B gears linto the teeth :t of diskB, will' revolve it, 'and thewheel s, gearing into teeth 16 of the disk o, will revolve it, and will thereby revolve the'ar1n-1l and moon m around the earth E. 'The inclination of the disk `B', and its revolution, and that ofthe disk or ring ol through the medium of the wheels B. and s, will impart an elliptical motion to the moon m around the earth, and will represent her crossing and recrossing the plane of the ecliptic, andl also the retrogression of her nodes.

and on thel lower end a wheel, w1, and in the column 4 I The wheel t, gearing into wheel x1, will revolve it, and thereby revolve disk 6, which will revolve the disk 8, which will revolve the earth E' on its axis, and by pivoting the earth at one pole, and it at an angle of twenty-three anda half` degrees to the plane of the ecliptic, the plane of the earths equator will always be at an angle of twenty-three and a half degrees to -the plane of the eeliptic; and by revolving the earth around the sun, the earths yearly motion around the sun, the changes of seasons, the apparent motion or declination of the sun, north and south, and the increase and decrease of day and night during the different seasons of the year, will be completely and perfectly illustra-ted.

rlhe revolving ofthe disk BWill cause its eogs or teeth I x to revolve the wheel 13, which will revolve the endless screw 15, which Will revolve the wheel 5, which will revolve the shaftf1 and crank, 7, to which the axis or disk 8 is pivoted. By thus pivoting the disk 8 to the crank, 7, and pivoting' one pole of the earth to the arm 9 ofthe disk 8, and revolving the disk and crank, the revolving of the pole of the-earth around the pole of the eclipti'c, and the recession of the equinoxes are illustrated, thereby exhibiting and demonstrating to the student that strange and wonderful phenomenon in the science of astronomy.

Having thus described the nature, construction, and operation of my improvement,

Vhat I claim as of my invention, is-

1. Pivoting one pole of the earth to the disk 8, and pivoting it to the crank, 7 and operating said disk v and crank through the medium of disk 6, wheels t,

5, and endless screw 15, the whole heilig constructed,'

arranged, and operating in the manner-'substantially as herein described, and for the purpose set forth.

2. The inclined disk B', in combination with disk o, stem 18, and armfll, provided with friction-Wheel 12, said disks being constructed, arranged, and ,made operative through the medium of the mechanism herein described, and for the purpose set forth.

JOHN DAVIS.

Vitnesses:

JAMES J. JoHNsToN, GEO; H. THOMAS. 

